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E. WHEELER.

COMPOSITE 'INGOT FOR PRODUCING SEAMLESS TUBES.

No. 368,175. Patented Aug. 9, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ELBRIDGE \VHEELER, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR TO \VARE B. GAY, GEORGE \V. GOGTN, AND HIMSELF, TRUSTEES, ALL OF SAME PLACE.

COMPOSITE INGOT FOR PRODUCING SEAMLESS TUBES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 368,175, dated August 9, 1887.

Application filed September-14, 1886. Serial No. 213,517.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, Ennniinen WHEELER, of Boston, county of Suffolk,aud State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in 5 a Composite Ingot for Producing Seamless Hollow Metal Tubes, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a specification, like letters on the drawings representing like parts.

This invention has for its object to produce a seamless metal tube in a novel manner.

In accordance with my invention, I first form a metal ingot by casting steel or other ductile or malleable metalsuch as brass and copper and their alloysabont a core composed of a center of non-metallic or silicions material, contained, for the best results, in a wooden or other combustible ease or jacket, which may be enveloped by a covering of sheet metal, the said combustible case or jacket when consumed forming a layer of carbon between the said center and the cast metal. The ease orjacket referred to, containing the nonmetallic or silicions core, and preferably enveloped by a metal covering, will, for the best results, be set upon pieces of metal slabs or plates within a mold, and when so placed the metal to form the ingot will be cast into the said mold, so as to extend beyond the ends of 30 the core. The ingot thus formed will be re duced in usual manner by rolling or otherwise to form a tube of the desired diameter, and after being so reduced the said tube will be cut up into desired lengths and the core re moved.

Figure 1, in sectional elevation, shows one form of mold with which to practice my invention; Fig. 2, a longitudinal section of an ingot produced in the said mold in accordance with my invention; Fig. 3, a section of Fig.

2 on line as a; Fig. 1-, a section through the core in Fig. 1 on line 3/ y,- Fig. 5, a longitudinal section of a tube produced from the ingot shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 6, an end view of Fig. 5 5; Figs. 7 and S sectional views of modified forms of cases or jackets; Fig. 9, a longitudinal section of a tube with the core removed, and Fig. 10 an end view of Fig. 9.

The mold A, resting upon a suitable base,

(No model.)

A, may be of any desired construction or 5c form.

XVithin the mold A, I have placed a core,

B, which, as herein shown, rests upon slabs or metal plates a. The core 13 is composed of a central portion, b, of sand or any other nonmetallic or silicions material, which, for the best results, is contained in a case or jacket, I), (see Fig. 4,) of wood, paper, or other combustible material, the said ease or jacket being preferably enveloped by a metallic covering, 1)", of sheet-iron.

The metal cast into the mold A to surround the core B and to extend beyond its ends may be steel, copper, or brass or their alloys, or any other ductile or mallcablemetal which when cast into the mold will heat the metal cover I) to such degree as to carbonize the layer 7! of wood or other combustiblematerial, thus producing a layer of carbon between the n0nmetallic or silicions center and the cast 7c metallic envelope. The ingot thus formed and composed of a center, 7), of sand or other non-metallic or silicions substance, and an outer enveloping body, 0, of cast metal, and an intervening layer, Ii, of carbon, may be re duced in usual manner,by roll iug or otherwise, preferablyinto blooms or billets. The blooms or billets so formed may be reduced to form a filled tube of the desired diameter, as shown in Figs. 5 and (3, and composed of metal 0, a non-metallic center, I), and an intervening layer, 7), of carbon.

Referring to Fig. 7, I have shown in section a modification of my invention, wherein the non-1netallicorsilieious material?) is contained in a case or jacket, (I, which is surrounded by a larger case or jacket, (1, between which and the case or jacket (I is placed a layer or body,

I), of non-gritty non-fusible refractory materialsueh as German clay, plumbago, soapstone, diatomaceous earth, fossil meal, &c., either one or two or more combined, or the said layer or body may be of carbon.

Fig. 8 shows a modification wherein the case orjacket to contain the silicions or other non- 5 metallic portion of the core is composed of a molded non-gritty and non-fusible material, or of a non-metallic compressible material of a higher fusing-point than the material to be contained in the said case or jacket.

This jacket or case may, for instance, be made from plumbago made as a crucible.

The layer b of carbon or of non-gritty or non-fusible material mentioned, either in their dry state in a jacket or molded as described, and which is interposed between the non-metallic or silicious center and the enveloping cast metal a, prevents the said non-metallic or silicious center from fusing with the metal a cast into the mold, so that when desired the said center may be easily removed without difficulty and without damage to the boringtool.

I do not desire to limit my invention to'the particular materials herein mentioned to prevent fusion between the non-metallic or silicious core and the cast metal, as other non-combustible substances might be used equally well, such, for instance, as asbestos, talc, &c.

I do not herein broadly claim an ingot con taining a sand core, nor do I broadly claim the employment of a sand core in an enveloping metal case or jacket, as the same is contained in my application, Serial No. 190,871, filed February 4., 1886.

I claim- 1. As an improved article of manufacture, an ingot from which to produce seamless hollow metal tubes, it comprehending a non-me other noncombustible material, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' ELBRIDGE WHEELER.

Witnesses:

G. W. GREGORY, Jns. H. CHURCHILL. 

